Amazon CloudWatch

Enables the actions for the specified alarms.

Enables the specified Contributor Insights rules. When rules are enabled, they immediately begin analyzing log data.

Displays the details of the dashboard that you specify. To copy an existing dashboard, use GetDashboard, and then use the data returned within DashboardBody as the template for the new dashboard when you call PutDashboard to create the copy.

This operation returns the time series data collected by a Contributor Insights rule. The data includes the identity and number of contributors to the log group. You can also optionally return one or more statistics about each data point in the time series. These statistics can include the following: UniqueContributors -- the number of unique contributors for each data point. MaxContributorValue -- the value of the top contributor for each data point. The identity of the contributor might change for each data point in the graph. If this rule aggregates by COUNT, the top contributor for each data point is the contributor with the most occurrences in that period. If the rule aggregates by SUM, the top contributor is the contributor with the highest sum in the log field specified by the rule's Value, during that period. SampleCount -- the number of data points matched by the rule. Sum -- the sum of the values from all contributors during the time period represented by that data point. Minimum -- the minimum value from a single observation during the time period represented by that data point. Maximum -- the maximum value from a single observation during the time period represented by that data point. Average -- the average value from all contributors during the time period represented by that data point.

You can use the GetMetricData API to retrieve CloudWatch metric values. The operation can also include a CloudWatch Metrics Insights query, and one or more metric math functions. A GetMetricData operation that does not include a query can retrieve as many as 500 different metrics in a single request, with a total of as many as 100,800 data points. You can also optionally perform metric math expressions on the values of the returned statistics, to create new time series that represent new insights into your data. For example, using Lambda metrics, you could divide the Errors metric by the Invocations metric to get an error rate time series. For more information about metric math expressions, see Metric Math Syntax and Functions in the Amazon CloudWatch User Guide. If you include a Metrics Insights query, each GetMetricData operation can include only one query. But the same GetMetricData operation can also retrieve other metrics. Metrics Insights queries can query only the most recent three hours of metric data. For more information about Metrics Insights, see Query your metrics with CloudWatch Metrics Insights. Calls to the GetMetricData API have a different pricing structure than calls to GetMetricStatistics. For more information about pricing, see Amazon CloudWatch Pricing. Amazon CloudWatch retains metric data as follows: Data points with a period of less than 60 seconds are available for 3 hours. These data points are high-resolution metrics and are available only for custom metrics that have been defined with a StorageResolution of 1. Data points with a period of 60 seconds (1-minute) are available for 15 days. Data points with a period of 300 seconds (5-minute) are available for 63 days. Data points with a period of 3600 seconds (1 hour) are available for 455 days (15 months). Data points that are initially published with a shorter period are aggregated together for long-term storage. For example, if you collect data using a period of 1 minute, the data remains available for 15 days with 1-minute resolution. After 15 days, this data is still available, but is aggregated and retrievable only with a resolution of 5 minutes. After 63 days, the data is further aggregated and is available with a resolution of 1 hour. If you omit Unit in your request, all data that was collected with any unit is returned, along with the corresponding units that were specified when the data was reported to CloudWatch. If you specify a unit, the operation returns only data that was collected with that unit specified. If you specify a unit that does not match the data collected, the results of the operation are null. CloudWatch does not perform unit conversions. Using Metrics Insights queries with metric math You can't mix a Metric Insights query and metric math syntax in the same expression, but you can reference results from a Metrics Insights query within other Metric math expressions. A Metrics Insights query without a GROUP BY clause returns a single time-series (TS), and can be used as input for a metric math expression that expects a single time series. A Metrics Insights query with a GROUP BY clause returns an array of time-series (TS[]), and can be used as input for a metric math expression that expects an array of time series.

Gets statistics for the specified metric. The maximum number of data points returned from a single call is 1,440. If you request more than 1,440 data points, CloudWatch returns an error. To reduce the number of data points, you can narrow the specified time range and make multiple requests across adjacent time ranges, or you can increase the specified period. Data points are not returned in chronological order. CloudWatch aggregates data points based on the length of the period that you specify. For example, if you request statistics with a one-hour period, CloudWatch aggregates all data points with time stamps that fall within each one-hour period. Therefore, the number of values aggregated by CloudWatch is larger than the number of data points returned. CloudWatch needs raw data points to calculate percentile statistics. If you publish data using a statistic set instead, you can only retrieve percentile statistics for this data if one of the following conditions is true: The SampleCount value of the statistic set is 1. The Min and the Max values of the statistic set are equal. Percentile statistics are not available for metrics when any of the metric values are negative numbers. Amazon CloudWatch retains metric data as follows: Data points with a period of less than 60 seconds are available for 3 hours. These data points are high-resolution metrics and are available only for custom metrics that have been defined with a StorageResolution of 1. Data points with a period of 60 seconds (1-minute) are available for 15 days. Data points with a period of 300 seconds (5-minute) are available for 63 days. Data points with a period of 3600 seconds (1 hour) are available for 455 days (15 months). Data points that are initially published with a shorter period are aggregated together for long-term storage. For example, if you collect data using a period of 1 minute, the data remains available for 15 days with 1-minute resolution. After 15 days, this data is still available, but is aggregated and retrievable only with a resolution of 5 minutes. After 63 days, the data is further aggregated and is available with a resolution of 1 hour. CloudWatch started retaining 5-minute and 1-hour metric data as of July 9, 2016. For information about metrics and dimensions supported by Amazon Web Services services, see the Amazon CloudWatch Metrics and Dimensions Reference in the Amazon CloudWatch User Guide.

Returns information about the metric stream that you specify.

You can use the GetMetricWidgetImage API to retrieve a snapshot graph of one or more Amazon CloudWatch metrics as a bitmap image. You can then embed this image into your services and products, such as wiki pages, reports, and documents. You could also retrieve images regularly, such as every minute, and create your own custom live dashboard. The graph you retrieve can include all CloudWatch metric graph features, including metric math and horizontal and vertical annotations. There is a limit of 20 transactions per second for this API. Each GetMetricWidgetImage action has the following limits: As many as 100 metrics in the graph. Up to 100 KB uncompressed payload.

Returns a list of the dashboards for your account. If you include DashboardNamePrefix, only those dashboards with names starting with the prefix are listed. Otherwise, all dashboards in your account are listed. ListDashboards returns up to 1000 results on one page. If there are more than 1000 dashboards, you can call ListDashboards again and include the value you received for NextToken in the first call, to receive the next 1000 results.

Returns a list that contains the number of managed Contributor Insights rules in your account.

Returns a list of metric streams in this account.

List the specified metrics. You can use the returned metrics with GetMetricData or GetMetricStatistics to get statistical data. Up to 500 results are returned for any one call. To retrieve additional results, use the returned token with subsequent calls. After you create a metric, allow up to 15 minutes for the metric to appear. To see metric statistics sooner, use GetMetricData or GetMetricStatistics. If you are using CloudWatch cross-account observability, you can use this operation in a monitoring account and view metrics from the linked source accounts. For more information, see CloudWatch cross-account observability. ListMetrics doesn't return information about metrics if those metrics haven't reported data in the past two weeks. To retrieve those metrics, use GetMetricData or GetMetricStatistics.

Displays the tags associated with a CloudWatch resource. Currently, alarms and Contributor Insights rules support tagging.

Creates an anomaly detection model for a CloudWatch metric. You can use the model to display a band of expected normal values when the metric is graphed. For more information, see CloudWatch Anomaly Detection.

Creates or updates a composite alarm. When you create a composite alarm, you specify a rule expression for the alarm that takes into account the alarm states of other alarms that you have created. The composite alarm goes into ALARM state only if all conditions of the rule are met. The alarms specified in a composite alarm's rule expression can include metric alarms and other composite alarms. The rule expression of a composite alarm can include as many as 100 underlying alarms. Any single alarm can be included in the rule expressions of as many as 150 composite alarms. Using composite alarms can reduce alarm noise. You can create multiple metric alarms, and also create a composite alarm and set up alerts only for the composite alarm. For example, you could create a composite alarm that goes into ALARM state only when more than one of the underlying metric alarms are in ALARM state. Currently, the only alarm actions that can be taken by composite alarms are notifying SNS topics. It is possible to create a loop or cycle of composite alarms, where composite alarm A depends on composite alarm B, and composite alarm B also depends on composite alarm A. In this scenario, you can't delete any composite alarm that is part of the cycle because there is always still a composite alarm that depends on that alarm that you want to delete. To get out of such a situation, you must break the cycle by changing the rule of one of the composite alarms in the cycle to remove a dependency that creates the cycle. The simplest change to make to break a cycle is to change the AlarmRule of one of the alarms to false. Additionally, the evaluation of composite alarms stops if CloudWatch detects a cycle in the evaluation path. When this operation creates an alarm, the alarm state is immediately set to INSUFFICIENT_DATA. The alarm is then evaluated and its state is set appropriately. Any actions associated with the new state are then executed. For a composite alarm, this initial time after creation is the only time that the alarm can be in INSUFFICIENT_DATA state. When you update an existing alarm, its state is left unchanged, but the update completely overwrites the previous configuration of the alarm. To use this operation, you must be signed on with the cloudwatch:PutCompositeAlarm permission that is scoped to *. You can't create a composite alarms if your cloudwatch:PutCompositeAlarm permission has a narrower scope. If you are an IAM user, you must have iam:CreateServiceLinkedRole to create a composite alarm that has Systems Manager OpsItem actions.

Creates a dashboard if it does not already exist, or updates an existing dashboard. If you update a dashboard, the entire contents are replaced with what you specify here. All dashboards in your account are global, not region-specific. A simple way to create a dashboard using PutDashboard is to copy an existing dashboard. To copy an existing dashboard using the console, you can load the dashboard and then use the View/edit source command in the Actions menu to display the JSON block for that dashboard. Another way to copy a dashboard is to use GetDashboard, and then use the data returned within DashboardBody as the template for the new dashboard when you call PutDashboard. When you create a dashboard with PutDashboard, a good practice is to add a text widget at the top of the dashboard with a message that the dashboard was created by script and should not be changed in the console. This message could also point console users to the location of the DashboardBody script or the CloudFormation template used to create the dashboard.

Creates a Contributor Insights rule. Rules evaluate log events in a CloudWatch Logs log group, enabling you to find contributor data for the log events in that log group. For more information, see Using Contributor Insights to Analyze High-Cardinality Data. If you create a rule, delete it, and then re-create it with the same name, historical data from the first time the rule was created might not be available.

Creates a managed Contributor Insights rule for a specified Amazon Web Services resource. When you enable a managed rule, you create a Contributor Insights rule that collects data from Amazon Web Services services. You cannot edit these rules with PutInsightRule. The rules can be enabled, disabled, and deleted using EnableInsightRules, DisableInsightRules, and DeleteInsightRules. If a previously created managed rule is currently disabled, a subsequent call to this API will re-enable it. Use ListManagedInsightRules to describe all available rules.

Creates or updates an alarm and associates it with the specified metric, metric math expression, anomaly detection model, or Metrics Insights query. For more information about using a Metrics Insights query for an alarm, see Create alarms on Metrics Insights queries. Alarms based on anomaly detection models cannot have Auto Scaling actions. When this operation creates an alarm, the alarm state is immediately set to INSUFFICIENT_DATA. The alarm is then evaluated and its state is set appropriately. Any actions associated with the new state are then executed. When you update an existing alarm, its state is left unchanged, but the update completely overwrites the previous configuration of the alarm. If you are an IAM user, you must have Amazon EC2 permissions for some alarm operations: The iam:CreateServiceLinkedRole permission for all alarms with EC2 actions The iam:CreateServiceLinkedRole permissions to create an alarm with Systems Manager OpsItem or response plan actions. The first time you create an alarm in the Amazon Web Services Management Console, the CLI, or by using the PutMetricAlarm API, CloudWatch creates the necessary service-linked role for you. The service-linked roles are called AWSServiceRoleForCloudWatchEvents and AWSServiceRoleForCloudWatchAlarms_ActionSSM. For more information, see Amazon Web Services service-linked role. Cross-account alarms You can set an alarm on metrics in the current account, or in another account. To create a cross-account alarm that watches a metric in a different account, you must have completed the following pre-requisites: The account where the metrics are located (the sharing account) must already have a sharing role named CloudWatch-CrossAccountSharingRole. If it does not already have this role, you must create it using the instructions in Set up a sharing account in Cross-account cross-Region CloudWatch console. The policy for that role must grant access to the ID of the account where you are creating the alarm. The account where you are creating the alarm (the monitoring account) must already have a service-linked role named AWSServiceRoleForCloudWatchCrossAccount to allow CloudWatch to assume the sharing role in the sharing account. If it does not, you must create it following the directions in Set up a monitoring account in Cross-account cross-Region CloudWatch console.

Publishes metric data points to Amazon CloudWatch. CloudWatch associates the data points with the specified metric. If the specified metric does not exist, CloudWatch creates the metric. When CloudWatch creates a metric, it can take up to fifteen minutes for the metric to appear in calls to ListMetrics. You can publish either individual data points in the Value field, or arrays of values and the number of times each value occurred during the period by using the Values and Counts fields in the MetricDatum structure. Using the Values and Counts method enables you to publish up to 150 values per metric with one PutMetricData request, and supports retrieving percentile statistics on this data. Each PutMetricData request is limited to 1 MB in size for HTTP POST requests. You can send a payload compressed by gzip. Each request is also limited to no more than 1000 different metrics. Although the Value parameter accepts numbers of type Double, CloudWatch rejects values that are either too small or too large. Values must be in the range of -2^360 to 2^360. In addition, special values (for example, NaN, +Infinity, -Infinity) are not supported. You can use up to 30 dimensions per metric to further clarify what data the metric collects. Each dimension consists of a Name and Value pair. For more information about specifying dimensions, see Publishing Metrics in the Amazon CloudWatch User Guide. You specify the time stamp to be associated with each data point. You can specify time stamps that are as much as two weeks before the current date, and as much as 2 hours after the current day and time. Data points with time stamps from 24 hours ago or longer can take at least 48 hours to become available for GetMetricData or GetMetricStatistics from the time they are submitted. Data points with time stamps between 3 and 24 hours ago can take as much as 2 hours to become available for for GetMetricData or GetMetricStatistics. CloudWatch needs raw data points to calculate percentile statistics. If you publish data using a statistic set instead, you can only retrieve percentile statistics for this data if one of the following conditions is true: The SampleCount value of the statistic set is 1 and Min, Max, and Sum are all equal. The Min and Max are equal, and Sum is equal to Min multiplied by SampleCount.

Creates or updates a metric stream. Metric streams can automatically stream CloudWatch metrics to Amazon Web Services destinations, including Amazon S3, and to many third-party solutions. For more information, see Using Metric Streams. To create a metric stream, you must be signed in to an account that has the iam:PassRole permission and either the CloudWatchFullAccess policy or the cloudwatch:PutMetricStream permission. When you create or update a metric stream, you choose one of the following: Stream metrics from all metric namespaces in the account. Stream metrics from all metric namespaces in the account, except for the namespaces that you list in ExcludeFilters. Stream metrics from only the metric namespaces that you list in IncludeFilters. By default, a metric stream always sends the MAX, MIN, SUM, and SAMPLECOUNT statistics for each metric that is streamed. You can use the StatisticsConfigurations parameter to have the metric stream send additional statistics in the stream. Streaming additional statistics incurs additional costs. For more information, see Amazon CloudWatch Pricing. When you use PutMetricStream to create a new metric stream, the stream is created in the running state. If you use it to update an existing stream, the state of the stream is not changed. If you are using CloudWatch cross-account observability and you create a metric stream in a monitoring account, you can choose whether to include metrics from source accounts in the stream. For more information, see CloudWatch cross-account observability.

Temporarily sets the state of an alarm for testing purposes. When the updated state differs from the previous value, the action configured for the appropriate state is invoked. For example, if your alarm is configured to send an Amazon SNS message when an alarm is triggered, temporarily changing the alarm state to ALARM sends an SNS message. Metric alarms returns to their actual state quickly, often within seconds. Because the metric alarm state change happens quickly, it is typically only visible in the alarm's History tab in the Amazon CloudWatch console or through DescribeAlarmHistory. If you use SetAlarmState on a composite alarm, the composite alarm is not guaranteed to return to its actual state. It returns to its actual state only once any of its children alarms change state. It is also reevaluated if you update its configuration. If an alarm triggers EC2 Auto Scaling policies or application Auto Scaling policies, you must include information in the StateReasonData parameter to enable the policy to take the correct action.

Starts the streaming of metrics for one or more of your metric streams.

Stops the streaming of metrics for one or more of your metric streams.

Assigns one or more tags (key-value pairs) to the specified CloudWatch resource. Currently, the only CloudWatch resources that can be tagged are alarms and Contributor Insights rules. Tags can help you organize and categorize your resources. You can also use them to scope user permissions by granting a user permission to access or change only resources with certain tag values. Tags don't have any semantic meaning to Amazon Web Services and are interpreted strictly as strings of characters. You can use the TagResource action with an alarm that already has tags. If you specify a new tag key for the alarm, this tag is appended to the list of tags associated with the alarm. If you specify a tag key that is already associated with the alarm, the new tag value that you specify replaces the previous value for that tag. You can associate as many as 50 tags with a CloudWatch resource.

Removes one or more tags from the specified resource.